Scanning Electron Microscope Study of Mummified Collagen
Fibers
in Fossil Tyrannosaurus rex Bone
Mark Armitage
A specimen of hip bone from a Tyrannosaurus rex, excavated from a ranch
in Wyoming over 100 years ago, and thought to be 65 million years old
is shown, by scanning electron microscopy, to have intact, mummified
microscopic collagen fibers and other ultrastructural features within
compact bone. Bone Haversian canals as well as lacunae and canaliculi
are well preserved. Networks of collagen fibers remain intact within
lacunae and what may be mummified osteocytes are shown to be present.
Twenty-year-old, similarly fractured natural human hip bone shows comparable
patterns of canals, collagen networks and cells, including crenated
erythrocytes. Hip bone from Moab man, human remains collected
from Utah and thought to be less than 200 years old, contains no such
soft tissue features within compact bone. Moab man specimens appear
cleanly stripped of soft tissues and harbor burrowing insect remains.
These data call into question the long ages ascribed to these dinosaur
fossils and support their rapid preservation in the absence of decomposers.
The high level of ultrastructural preservation also implies that these
dinosaur bones are simply not very old.
Homosexuality, Disease, and Creationism
Jerry Bergman
The propriety of homosexual behavior has been a topic of much discussion
for several decades. At the bottom of the controversy in the religious
community is the condemnation of homosexual behavior by the Scriptures.
I conclude that one major reason why the Scriptures condemn homosexual
behavior is its detrimental health effects. A review of the medical
literature (focusing on males) finds that homosexual behavior has a
clear detrimental effect on health, causing numerous serious (and often
lethal) diseases. As a result, the average person of either sex who
is involved in a lifelong homosexual lifestyle can expect to live only
into the middle 40s.
The Spontaneous Generation Hypothesis
David P. Woetzel
As our knowledge of lifes microscopic secrets continues to advance
it is instructive to reflect upon the history of the spontaneous generation
hypothesis to contemplate whether scientific advancements are indeed
progressing as an anti-creationist predicted nearly two decades ago:
If I have made my point, the next time you hear creationists talking
about the impossibility of making a particular protein,
you can smile wryly and know that they are nowhere near a consideration
of the real issues.
Given the rapid rate of progress in our understanding
of molecular biology, I have no doubt that satisfactory explanations
of the problem posed here soon will be forthcoming. (Doolittle, 1983,
p. 96).
Vertical Tectonics and the Drainage of Floodwater
A Model for The Middle and Late Diluvian PeriodPart II
Michael J. Oard
A continued explanation of a model is presented for the erosional effects
in the mid and late Flood due to vertical tectonics of the crust coupled
with Flood water movement. The sediments eroded during the sheet erosion
phase would be deposited as sheets along the edge of the continents
forming the continental margin. As the Flood flow became more channelized
during the Dispersive Phase, canyons and valleys would be rapidly eroded.
Water and wind gaps, as well as pedimentsall mysterious within
the uniformitarian paradigmwould form rapidly on land. Submarine
canyons would quickly be cut on the continental shelves and slopes.
The model has significant implications for other models and concepts
concerning the Flood.